The Roman Salute Morituri te salutant

As the toga-wearing combatants face each other across an unforgiving circle of sand, they turn toward their laurel-wreathed eminence, snacking on grapes, and bellow: â€Å"Ave, Imperator: Morituri te salutant!† This staple of swords-and-sandals fiction, the gladiator’s salute to his Emperor, in fact likely never happened. Only a handful of Roman historians, long after the fact, mention the phrase — literally, â€Å"Hail, Emperor, those who are about to die salute you† — and there’s little indication that it was in common usage in gladiatorial combat or any other games in ancient Rome. Nonetheless, â€Å"Morituri te salutant† has gained considerable currency in both popular culture and academia. Russell Crowe mouths it in the film â€Å"Gladiator,† and it’s used over and over by heavy metal bands (most cheekily by AC/DC, who tweaked it â€Å"For those about to about to rock, we salute you.†). Origin of the Phrase Where did the phrase â€Å"Morituri te salutant† and its variations (†¦morituri te salutamus, or â€Å"we salute you†) come from? According to the historian Suetonius’s Life of the Divine Claudius, the account of that emperor’s reign in his compendium The 12 Caesars, written around 112 A.D., it stems from a peculiar event. Claudius had commanded an immense public works project, the draining of Lake Fucino for agricultural land. It took 30,000 men and 11 years to complete. In honor of the feat, the emperor ordered up a naumachia — a mock sea-battle involving thousands of men and ships — to be held on the lake before it was emptied. The men, thousands of criminals otherwise to be hanged, hailed Claudius thusly: â€Å"Ave, Imperator: Morituri te salutant!† upon which the emperor replied â€Å"Aut non† — â€Å"Or not.† After this, the historians disagree. Suetonius says that the men, believing themselves pardoned by Claudius, refused to fight. The emperor ultimately cajoled and threatened them into sailing against one another. Cassius Dio, who wrote about the event in the 3rd century B.C., said the men merely pretended to fight until Claudius lost patience and commanded them to die. Tacitus mentions the event, some 50 years after it happened, but doesn’t mention the plea by the gladiators (or more precisely, naumachiarii). He relates, though, that a large number of prisoners were spared, having fought with the valor of free men. Use in Popular Culture In addition to the above-mentioned films and rock albums, Te morituri†¦ is also invoked in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and James Joyce’s Ulysses.

For years there’s been a contended debate on whether or...

For years there’s been a contended debate on whether or not violence in the media harms children. On television, thousands of murders are being broadcasted to children who are in Elementary School, they are witnesses to hundreds of thousands acts of murder and general violence. In Media Now, ethics come to play and discussions regarding the question who is truly responsible for media effects comes into play? Watching too much violent TV and playing too many violent video games takes a toll on childrens social and physical development, researchers report. It seems as though the more TV kids watch the more they are subjected to isolation and refrain from spending quality time with friends outdoors. Media now discusses the role of producers†¦show more content†¦A supposed solution to this is idea, is rendered in the chapter when ideas about teaching children media literacy from a young age, so they can further comprehend the industry and what exactly it is that they are viewing. For it is reality shows such as â€Å"The Real World†, and â€Å"Jersey Shore† that have polluted the minds of innocent children, tempting them to act as the people in television act. The media needs to have better regulation of what is shown on TV for the next generation to come depends on it. In the Article, TV and Video Game Violence Harms Kids, research was reported stating that rising quantities of social isolation was present in children who had higher exposure t violence in the media. Explanations have been given stating that, â€Å"since violent TV is connected to aggressive behaviors in children, it makes it harder for these children to get along with other children†. Surveys and experimental studies, concluded that children who not only visualized violence but interacted with it, had a greater increase in blood pressure, and were harboring more negativity and hostile emotions. MediaShow MoreRelatedDetermining the Ksp of Calcium Hydroxide by Titration of Saturated Ca(Oh)2(Aq) with Hcl(Aq)2019 Words   |  9 PagesDetermining the Ksp of Calcium Hydroxide by Titration of Saturated Ca(OH)2(aq) with HCl(aq) Abstract: Titration is a technique that has been used in this experiment to identify the Ksp value of calcium hydroxide in order to determine the extent to which the compound is soluble in water. A known volume of 50 mL of hydrochloric acid, a concentration of 0.05 M hydrochloric acid, a volume of 50 mL calcium hydroxide base, an unknown concentrationRead MoreA Study On The Subject Matter Of Aq And Its Operations1963 Words   |  8 Pagesmatter of AQ and its operations. It is meant to locate the current study in the body of knowledge by establishing the extent to which this subject has been researched. Since a study is only as good as it is capable of contributing to the body of knowledge, it is imperative that the present study’s contribution to the body of knowledge is ascertained. Otherwise it is a study in vain. Origin and Ideology of AQ One of the issues widely covered in the literature is with regard to the origin of AQ as a terroristRead MoreWhite Like Me Aqs Essay3334 Words   |  14 PagesWhite Like Me Page 1: The meaning of the first chapters title â€Å"Born to Belonging† is that quite literally whites won’t be questioned about whether they deserve to be here, living in this condition. They won’t be questioned about how they got such wealth and it is easy for them to get this wealth. For example, his grandfather Jacob with his good work ethics was able to come upon success. His success sees normal. However, there are many people of color who have good or better work ethics than JacobRead MoreElectrochemical Behavior And Convoluted Voltammetry Of Carbon Nanotube Modified With Aq And Nb Functional Groups Essay2126 Words   |  9 Pages Electrochemical behavior and convoluted voltammetry of carbon nanotube modified with AQ and NB functional groups Mohamed A.Ghanem,a*Ibrahim S. Elhallag,bAbdullah M. Al-Mayoufa aElectrochemistry Research Group, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudia Arabia bChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt *corresponding author email: mghanem@ksu.edu.sa Abstract. The validity of convolution voltammetry for determinationRead MoreIonic Reactions Lab Essay1010 Words   |  5 Pages Balanced: Ba(NO3)2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) ( BaSO4 (s) + Na2(NO3)2 (aq) Ba 2+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) + 2 Na+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) ( BaSO4 (s) + 2 Na+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) Net Ionic Equation: Ba 2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) ( BaSO4 (s) 2) Well A7 Balanced: Co(NO3)2 (aq) + NaOH (aq) ( CoOH (s) + Na(NO2)2 (aq) Co 2+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) + Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq) ( CoOH (s) + Na+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) Net Ionic Equation: Co 2+(aq) + OH- (aq) ( Co(OH)2 (s) 3) WellRead MoreCopper Sulphate And Magnesium Sulphate Essay895 Words   |  4 Pages Materials: Metals: †¢ 15 pieces of Cu(s) (copper) †¢ 7 pieces of Mg(s) (magnesium) †¢ 7 pieces of Zn(s) (zinc) Solutions: †¢ H2O(l) distilled water †¢ HCl(aq) hydrochloric acid †¢ CuSO4(aq) copper (II) sulphate †¢ ZnSO4(aq) zinc sulphate †¢ MgSO4(aq) magnesium sulphate †¢ SnCl2(aq) tin (II) chloride †¢ ZnSO4(aq) zinc sulphate †¢ FeSO4(aq) iron (II) sulphate †¢ †¢ Tweezers †¢ Two Spot Plates †¢ Distilled Water Bottle †¢ Safety Glasses †¢ 1 piece of paper †¢ Pen / Pencil Procedure: 1. Gathered all the requiredRead MoreIdentifying Unknown Ionic Salts From Zinc Nitrate1041 Words   |  5 Pages1. Na2CO3 (aq) + aq 2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) 2. Zn(NO3)2(aq) + aq Zn2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) 3. Ba(NO3)2 (aq) + aq Ba2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) Precipitation equation: 1. Na2CO3 (aq) + 2AgNO3 (aq) NaNO3 (aq) + Ag2CO3 (s) 2. Na2CO3(aq) +Ca(NO3)2(aq) 2NaNO3(aq)+ CaCO3(s) 3. Ba(NO3)2(aq) + CuSO4 (aq) Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + BaSO4 (s) 4. Ba(NO3)2(aq) + CuSO4(aq) Cu(NO3)2(aq)+ BaSO4 (s) 5. MgCl2(aq) + 2Na2CO3(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + MgCO3 (s)Read MoreMy Dream1386 Words   |  6 PagesMgI2(aq) -gt; Mg 2+ (aq) +2OH-(aq) b) Al(NO3)3(aq) -gt; Al3+(aq)+3NO3- (aq) c) HCLO4(aq) -gt; H+ (aq) + ClO4- (aq) d) NaCH3COO(aq) -gt;Na + (aq) + CH3COO-(aq) 4.22) In each reaction, the precipitate is in bold type. a) Ni(NO3)2 (aq) +2NaOH (aq) -gt;+2NaNO3(aq) + NiOH2 (s) b )No precipate, therefore, no reaction. c) Na2S(aq) + CuCH3COO (aq) -gt; CuS(s) + 2NaCH3COO (aq) 4.24) Write balanced net ionic equations amp; Identify spectator ion or ions in each reaction. a) 2Cr3+ (aq) +3CO32-(aq)Read MoreLab 8 Ionic Reactions1245 Words   |  5 PagesBa(NO3)2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) ïÆ'   BaSO4 (s) + Na2(NO3)2 (aq) Ba 2+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) + 2 Na+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) ïÆ'   BaSO4 (s) + 2 Na+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) Net Ionic Equation: Ba 2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) ïÆ'   BaSO4 (s) 2) Well A7 Balanced: Co(NO3)2 (aq) + NaOH (aq) ïÆ'   CoOH (s) + Na(NO2)2 (aq) Co 2+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) + Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq) ïÆ'   CoOH (s) + Na+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) Net Ionic Equation: Co 2+(aq) + OH- (aq) ïÆ'   Co(OH)2 (s) 3) Well C5 Balanced: Fe(NO3)3 (aq) + Na2CO3 (aq) ïÆ'   FeCO3 (s) + Na2(NO3)2 (aq) FeRead MoreGroup 6 Investigation 7 Tuesday 830am Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesH2SO4(aq)+2NaOH(aq)ïÆ'   Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) 2H+(aq) +SO42-(aq)+2Na+(aq) +2OH-(aq)ïÆ'   2Na+(aq) + SO42-(aq) +2H2O(l) H+(aq) + OH-(aq) ïÆ'   H2O(l) BaSO4 BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) ïÆ'   BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq) Ba2+(aq)+ 2Cl1-(aq) + 2Na+ + SO-4ïÆ'   BaSO4(s) + 2Na+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) Ba+(aq) + SO4- (aq) ïÆ'   BaSO4(s) AgCl AgNO3(aq) + HCl(aq) ïÆ'   AgCl(s) + HNO3(aq) Ag+(aq) + NO-3 (aq) + H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) ïÆ'   AgCl(s) + H+(aq) + NO-3 (aq) Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) ïÆ'   AgCl(s) Zn(OH)2 Zn(NO3)2(aq) + 2NaOH-(aq) ïÆ'   Zn(OH)2(s) + 2NaNO3(aq) Zn2+(aq)

Strategic Performance Management - A Sample Solution

Question-express your research Will implementing strategic performance management in an organization improve performancec,in terms of profit, employees development,provide an outline of your research problem, research objectives and research questions? INTRODUCTION Strategic Performance Management is a necessary and crucial vehicle for the managing business in the present unstable business environment. The strategic performance management encompasses various indicator, frameworks and methodologies that help the organization in formulating their strategies and allow the employees to increase strategic insights and permit them to challenge the strategic assumptions, purify the strategic thinking and inform the strategic learning and decision making (Tonchia, 2000). This research paper focuses on the importance of strategic performance management for effectiveness of the organization. RESEARCH PROBLEM Developing an effective strategic performance management system is one of the most challenging tasks in an organization. It has several obstacles which make the overall system complex like: The terminology like the concepts of performance, efficiency or productivity is more often confusing and misused, thus making the performance management system unclear The present performance management measures is huge making the system complex to select the best one There are various factors that affect or impact the productivity of the organization and also influences the performance measure decisions There are various requirement that must be fulfilled for making the strategic performance management system effective It is very important for every company to overcome these obstacles to design a fully suitable and functional performance management system. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE Based on the above research problem the main objective of this paper is to identify whether the strategic performance management helps to improve the performance of the organization or not? In order to come to a positive conclusion, the objectives are to identify the advantages of strategic performance management system on effectives of the organization. RESEARCH QUESTIONS The research questions to identify the objectives of the paper are: What is the concept of Strategic performance Management? How strategic performance management system contributes to the success of business? DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES OF THE SELECTED ARTICLES The articles chosen to evaluate according to the chosen research topic are: Sum Chau, V. (2008). The relationship of strategic performance management to team strategy, company performance and organizational effectiveness.Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 14(3/4), pp.113-117. de Waal, A., Kourtit, K. and Nijkamp, P. (2009). The relationship between the level of completeness of a strategic performance management system and perceived advantages and disadvantages.Int Jrnl of Op Prod Mnagemnt, 29(12), pp.1242-1265. Both the articles focuses on the why organization must focus on performance management system. The articles focus on the effectiveness of the organization through the implementation of strategic performance management system. The articles discusses about the relevance of performance management system. However the first article mostly emphasizes on the issues of performance management system and also identifying the reasons behind the lack of effective performance management system. This article identifies that the strategic performance management system recognizes the competitive advantage of the organization. This article deals with the special issues with respect to performance management at top, middle and strategic operations level. The reason behind the increase in the issues of strategic performance management system is that the senior managers are removed from their day to day activities and this creating a disconnection between the organization and the senior management. Acco rding to Witcher and Chau (2007) due to disconnection among the senior management and rest of the business firm, this will become difficult in addressing all the issues if the senior management is not involved in the strategic activities. This will lead to poor implementation of performance management systems (Sum Chau, 2008). The second article focuses on identifying the existing relationship among the completeness level of implementation of strategic performance system (SPM) and its impact on the organization. This article focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of SPM. The author suggests that the implementation of SPM have positive impact on the net profit, sales and revenue of the organization. It also helps to improve the organizational communication and increases collaboration. It also helps to strengthen the organizational focus, better the process of information exchange and sharing of knowledge. This also helps to improve the process of decision making. Overall, the SPM helps to increase the satisfaction level of employee, better the planning process, improve the quality of product and services and stronger the orientation process. However the author also discusses that if SPM is not implemented effectively then the organization can face huge internal competition. The process is bureaucratic and too expensive. In this process the performance indicators are subjective in nature creating it as unreliable. From advantages of this process management can learn about the completeness of SPM implementation and can convince the personnel about its benefits to the organization (de Waal, Kourtit and Nijkamp, 2009). ANALYSIS OF THE METHODOLOGY Research methodology is the process of utilizing various methods to collect data for making an effective decision of business. The above mentioned articles have also utilized some of the research methods to make an effective conclusion about impact of strategic performance management system on the organization. In the article The relationship of strategic performance management to team strategy, company performance and organizational effectiveness, the author has focused on secondary data collection method. The research is carried based on five different case studies which comprises of issues of team performance management. All the five articles deals with the issues of performance management at strategic operation level, middle management level and top management level. The articles also discuss the impact of SPM on the performance of the company, team strategy and effectiveness of the organization. This case study method helps the author to analyze the real world problem of SPM using five case studies. From these five articles it is concluded that organization must focus on achieving the strategic performance management system which would help to improve the performance of the company. These case studies have helped to close the gap and bring attention about the team performance managemen t system. In the article The relationship between the level of completeness of a strategic performance management system and perceived advantages and disadvantages, the author focuses on primary data collection through quantitative data analysis and also focuses on secondary data using the quantitative data analysis. The qualitative data is gathered through literature review. It discusses the use and implementation of SPM and is tested by collecting the quantitative data by conducting 52 interviews from 17 Dutch organizations. The article concludes that there exists relationship between the benefits that the organizations have received from the implementation of SPM and the completeness of the implementation. The article confirms that implementation of properly designed SPM and its usage helps to improve the organizational results. The case study method provides a holistic and detail investigation of the research and different measurement techniques can be utilized in this process. However, case study method can be utilized only for small data sets. Here the real life data means that the organization or the organizations chosen as a data source. Since the data revolves around small sets thus proper empirical techniques cannot be used which might make it difficult to meet the statistical significance requirements (Remenyi, 2012). Alternatively, utilizing the mixed method that is both qualitative and quantitative method, the researcher can utilize the strengths of one method to overcome the weakness of the other method. This can provide strong evidence for deriving the conclusion through corroboration and convergence of findings. This helps to increase the generalizability of the findings. However it is a time consuming method. It can become difficult for a single researcher to conduct the mixed method research ( Axinn and Pearce, 2006). Thus based on the advantages and disadvantages of the research methods, the researcher has decided to follow the mixed method approach as this would help to make an effective conclusion about the implementation of SPM and its benefits on the organization. The researcher will make sure that the sample considered is large as it would give more precise and clear result. REFERENCES Axinn, W. and Pearce, L. (2006). Mixed method data collection strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. de Waal, A., Kourtit, K. and Nijkamp, P. (2009). The relationship between the level of completeness of a strategic performance management system and perceived advantages and disadvantages. Int Jrnl of Op Prod Mnagemnt, 29(12), pp.1242-1265. Remenyi, D. (2012). Case study research. Reading, UK: Academic Publishing International. Sum Chau, V. (2008). The relationship of strategic performance management to team strategy, company performance and organizational effectiveness. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 14(3/4), pp.113-117. Tonchia, S. (2000). Linking performance measurement system to strategic and organisational choices. International Journal of Business Performance Management, 2(1/2/3), p.15. Witcher, B. and Sum Chau, V. (2007). Balanced scorecard and hoshin kanri : dynamic capabilities for managing strategic fit. Management Decision, 45(3), pp.518-538.

Revenue and expenditure categories of local and state governments in the United States

Local and state governments require revenue in order to facilitate their operations. Government expenditure is the monies the government requires to finance its functions while revenue is their income. Generally, government expenditure is classified into three major classes; government final consumption, government gross capital formation, and transfer payments.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Revenue and expenditure categories of local and state governments in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Government final consumption and gross capital formation form the largest part of state and local government’s gross domestic product. Moreover, the expenditure of local and state governments is financed by government revenue. The local government acquires revenue through taxes and non-taxes channels; non-tax revenue includes government owned corporations, fees, licenses, or sovereign wealt h funds. The state government can also finance its operations with borrowed money through grants and loans. Categories of revenue and expenditure Expenditure State and local governments have to provide different goods and services to the public. These services and goods include transportation system, water and sanitation, health care and education and payment of pensions and other benefits. Generally, the above expenditures are classified in three categories, consumption, investment, and transfer payments. Government final consumption: According to Organization for Economic cooperation (2010, p.42), â€Å"government final consumption expenditure consists of expenses incurred by the government in the production of non-market final goods and services.† Primarily, the government spending on goods and services that are used for direct benefit of its population includes defense, provision of health care, water and sanitation and education. It is further broken down into two catego ries; the value of goods produced by the government itself and purchases of goods and services produced by the other market producers and supplied to the community. In addition, consumption expenditure constitutes the largest share of expenditures; they include purchases of nondurable and durable goods. Non durable goods include food and clothing while durable products include appliances and vehicles. Government gross capital formation: Government gross capital formation is also referred to as investment expenditure and it consists of two types, expenditure on fixed investment goods and inventory investment. Fixed investment goods are goods that are used in the long term examples are factories, commercial properties, and purchase of equipment.Advertising Looking for research paper on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Part of fixed investment expenditure involves acquisition of new asset or repairs and main tenance, as well as depreciation charge of the already in use asset. Investment expenditure on institutional sector includes transport infrastructure and public buildings like school and hospitals (Organization for Economic cooperation, 2010, p.44). On the other hand, inventory goods are goods waiting to be sold at the end of the year; they are considered as investment expenditure because they â€Å"eventually yield a flow of consumption or production services† (Organization for Economic cooperation, 2010, p.44). Government Transfer payments: According to Baumol and Blinder (2008, p.225), â€Å"government transfer payments is the expenditure the local and state governments incur through payments that do not involve direct production of or goods or service.† Transfer payments are given to persons in order to assist them in basic living requirements; examples of transfer payments are social welfare, food stamps, and disability and retirement benefits. In addition, the ne ed for transfer payments increases whenever there is a social or economic crisis. However, some transfer payments are temporal while others are permanent; for example, unemployment benefits are temporal while pension payment is permanent. Revenue Local and state governments get their revenue through taxation and other non-taxation methods. However, taxation is the most reliable method of revenue collection; nevertheless, there are other sources like direct payment from federal governments, user fees, service charges, licensing, and lottery and gambling proceeds (Brunori, 2005, p.113). Tax: Tax is a financial charge imposed on individuals or legal entities in a state. Taxation may be done directly or indirectly and the rates differ from one state to another. The governments levy different taxes on income, wealth and consumption; income tax and social security tax constitute the largest part of state government’s revenue while local governments depend on property and wealth tax es. Taxes under consumption are sale and excise tax; sale tax is tax paid on basic goods in the market while excise tax is tax on luxury goods. Moreover, property tax is the levy imposed on homes, business premises, and land depending on their net worth at the given time of valuation. Non-tax sources: According to Brunori (2005, p.114), â€Å"the use of non tax sources for revenue collection has developed over the past decade, it is approximated that $747 billion was collected from non tax sources in 2003.† Primarily, the local and state governments receive funds from the federals governments; however, they also obtain funds through fees like licenses, grants, unclaimed property, and loans and bonds issue. Inter governmental funds are funds collected from other regions, not in the area they are used to provide services.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Revenue and expenditure categories of local and state governments in the United States specifi cally for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Non-tax source are very important; however, they are unreliable sources of revenue. For instance, gambling and lotteries contribute a small portion to state revenue; it is approximated that New York raised $13.7 billion in 2003 from state run lotteries, about one percent of the total state economy (Brunori, 2005, p.117). Finally, the governments can obtain revenue through grants or loans from other states or organization. Trends and changes in revenue and expenditure categories In the past years, there have been some notable changes in revenue and expenditure, which have either helped or undermined the service delivery by the state and local governments. Generally, local and state governments do not control tax rates and property tax allocation (Garcea, 2008, p.13). According to Brunori (2005, p.116), â€Å"Local and state governments cannot spend monies from the federal government as they wish hence reducin g state control.† In addition, there is tight regulation on tax relief and the transfer expenditure to vet the people who claim these benefits. Moreover, issuing of grants and loans to local and state governments is regulated by higher forms of governments. Factors likely to affect revenue and expenditure categories and why Some factors that affect the revenue and expenditure categories are; economic situation, mandate from higher levels of governments, policies and natural disasters (Honadle, Ciggler, Costa, 2004 p.5). On the other hand, economic meltdown causes people to loss employment and business to collapse, and as a result, state and local government loss revenue from income tax, sale tax, and licensing of businesses. During an economic meltdown, the value of property goes down resulting to low revenue from property taxation, while expenditure increases due to increased number of unemployed people seeking food stamps or unemployment benefits. Government policies and reg ulations on the mandate of state and local governments affect investment expenditure. In addition, regulation on transfer fund from the federal government and interstate funds can considerably lower the revenue of governments. The unpredictability of the federal funds to state and local governments affects the planning of revenue and expenditure. Neighboring state tax policy could make business and individuals to move from one state to another. Generally, business people like areas where the environment is business friendly; thus, an influx on people in a state would result to higher revenue collection and at the same time, higher expenditure in government consumption expenditure.Advertising Looking for research paper on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conversely, natural calamities can inflate the expenditure, leading to low revenue collection due to damage of infrastructure. In addition, an increase in life expectancy affects the transfer payments to pensioners in a state. Moreover, globalization of the market place will make administration taxes to companies difficult and more expensive. Measures of reducing the impact of disruption and why Disruption of revenue collection and expenditure should be avoided since it could result in lack of vital goods and services. For instance, schools and health care services must not be disrupted. Besides, local and state governments are labour intensive; hence, they need funds to pay their workforce. Thus, functional sharing arrangements between local and state governments can help to reduce the impact of reduced revenue (Garcea, 2008, p.13). From another perspective, two neighboring states can share the police force unit or any other service, and ensure that there are better policies on all ocation and use of federal funds so as essential services are delivered to the public. In addition, local and state governments should develop a strong investment program, while the authority should make policies that would enable for quick recovery and avoid continued disruption. Conclusion Local and state governments collect revenue through taxation and other non taxation methods. Some taxes levied on individuals and business are property, excise, sale, and income tax while some non-taxation methods include charges, fees, licensing and transfer revenue from the federal government. Categories of expenditure include; consumption, investment and transfer payments, with the consumption and investment expenditures taking up most of the revenue. Changes in revenue and expenditure include regulation of tax rates and allocation of revenue. Factors that can affect expenditure and revenue categories are economic melt down, natural disasters, tax policy in the neighboring state and legislati on by higher governments. To reduce the impact of revenue disruption, measures can be put in place including proper policies and functional sharing of duties between states. References Baumol, W. Blinder, A. (2008). Macroeconomic: Principles and Policy. OH: Cengage Learning. Brunori, D. (2005). State tax policy: a political perspective. Washington: The urban Institute publishing. Web. Garcea, J. (2008). Local government reform: a comparative analysis of advanced Aglo-American countries. NY: Edward Elgar publishing. Web. Honadle, B., Cigler, B. Costa, J. (2004). Fiscal health for local governments: an introduction to concepts, practical analysis and strategies. NY: US Academic Press. Web. Organization for Economic Cooperation. (2010). National Accounts at a Glance 2009. NY: OECD publishing. Web. This research paper on Revenue and expenditure categories of local and state governments in the United States was written and submitted by user Darg0Kt0r to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

History of Television Essay Example

History of Television Essay Example History of Television Essay History of Television Essay The beginnings of mechanical television can be traced back to the discovery of the photoconductivity of the element selenium by Willoughby Smith in 1873, the invention of a scanning disk by Paul Gottlieb Nipkow in 1884 and John Logie Bairds demonstration of televised moving images in 1926. As 23-year-old German university student, Paul Nipkow proposed and patented the first electromechanical television system in 1884. 1] Although he never built a working model of the system, variations of Nipkows spinning-disk image rasterizer for television became exceedingly common, and remained in use until 1939. [2] Constantin Perskyi had coined the word television in a paper read to the International Electricity Congress at the International World Fair in Paris on August 25, 1900. Perskyis paper reviewed the existing electromechanical technologies, mentioning the work of Nipkow and others. 3] The photoconductivity of selenium and Nipkows scanning disk were first joined for practical use in the electronic transmission of still pictures and photographs, and by the first decade of the 20th century halftone photographs, composed of equally spaced dots of varying size, were being transmitted by facsimile over telegraph and telephone lines as a newspaper service. [4] However, it was not until 1907 that developments in amplification tube technology, by Lee DeForest and Arthur Korn among others, made the design practical. 4] The first demonstration of the instantaneous transmission of still silhouette images was by Georges Rignoux and A. Fournier in Paris in 1909, using a rotating mirror-drum as the scanner and a matrix of 64 selenium cells as the receiver. [5] In 1911, Boris Rosing and his student Vladimir Zworykin created a television system that used a mechanical m irror-drum scanner to transmit, in Zworykins words, very crude images over wires to the Braun tube (cathode ray tube or CRT) in the receiver. Moving images were not possible because, in the scanner, the sensitivity was not enough and the selenium cell was very laggy. 6] On March 25, 1925, Scottish inventor John Logie Baird gave the first public demonstration of televised silhouette images in motion, at Selfridges Department Store in London. [7] ATTs Bell Telephone Laboratories transmitted halftone still images of transparencies in May 1925. On June 13 of that year, Charles Francis Jenkins transmitted the silhouette image of a toy windmill in motion, over a distance of five miles from a naval radio station in Maryland to his laboratory in Washington, using a lensed disk scanner with a 48-line resolution. 8][9] However, if television is defined as the live transmission of moving images with continuous tonal variation, Baird first achieved this privately on October 2, 1925. But strictly speaking, Baird had not yet achieved moving images on October 2. His scanner worked at only five images per second, below the threshold required to give the illusion of motion, usually defined as at least 12 images per second. By January, he had improved the scan rat e to 12. 5 images per second. Then he gave the worlds first demonstration of a working television system to members of the Royal Institution and a newspaper reporter on January 26, 1926 at his laboratory in London. Unlike later electronic systems with several hundred lines of resolution, Bairds vertically scanned image, using a scanning disk embedded with a double spiral of lenses, had only 30 lines, just enough to reproduce a recognizable human face. [citation needed] In 1927, Baird transmitted a signal over 438 miles (705 km) of telephone line between London and Glasgow. In 1928, Bairds company (Baird Television Development Company/Cinema Television) broadcast the first transatlantic television signal, between London and New York, and the first shore-to-ship transmission. He also demonstrated an electromechanical color, infrared (dubbed Noctovision), and stereoscopic television, using additional lenses, disks and filters. In parallel, Baird developed a video disk recording system dubbed Phonovision; a number of the Phonovision recordings, dating back to 1927, still exist. 10] In 1929, he became involved in the first experimental electromechanical television service in Germany. In November of the same year, Baird and Bernard Natan of Pathe established Frances first television company, Television-Baird-Natan. In 1931, he made the first outdoor remote broadcast, of the Epsom Derby. [11] In 1932, he demonstrated ultra-short wave television. Bairds electromechanical system reached a peak of 240 lines of resolution on BBC television broadcasts in 1936 thou gh the mechanical system did not scan the televised scene directly. Instead a 35 mm film was shot, rapidly developed and then scanned while the film was still wet. This intermediate film system was discontinued within three months in favor of a 405-line all-electronic system developed by Marconi-EMI. [12] Herbert E. Ives and Frank Gray of Bell Telephone Laboratories gave a dramatic demonstration of mechanical television on April 7, 1927. The reflected-light television system included both small and large viewing screens. The small receiver had a two-inch-wide by 2. 5-inch-high screen. The large receiver had a screen 24 inches wide by 30 inches high. Both sets were capable of reproducing reasonably accurate, monochromatic moving images. Along with the pictures, the sets also received synchronized sound. The system transmitted images over two paths: first, a wire link from Washington to New York City, then a radio link from Whippany, New Jersey. Comparing the two transmission methods, viewers noted no difference in quality. Subjects of the telecast included Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover. A flying-spot scanner beam illuminated these subjects. The scanner that produced the beam had a 50-aperture disk. The disc revolved at a rate of 18 frames per second, capturing one frame about every 56 milliseconds. (Todays systems typically transmit 30 or 60 frames per second, or one frame every 33. 3 or 16. 7 milliseconds respectively. ) Television historian Albert Abramson underscored the significance of the Bell Labs demonstration: It was in fact the best demonstration of a mechanical television system ever made to this time. It would be several years before any other system could even begin to compare with it in picture quality. [13] Meanwhile in the Soviet Union, Leon Theremin had been developing a mirror drum-based television, starting with 16 lines resolution in 1925, then 32 lines and eventually 64 using interlacing in 1926, and as part of his thesis on May 7, 1926 he electrically transmitted and then projected near-simultaneous moving images on a five foot square screen. 9] By 1927 he achieved an image of 100 lines, a resolution that was not surpassed until 1931 by RCA, with 120 lines. [citation needed] On December 25, 1926, Kenjiro Takayanagi demonstrated a television system with a 40-line resolution that employed a Nipkow disk scanner and CRT display at Hamamatsu Industrial High School in Japan. This protype is still on display at the Takayanagi Memorial Museum in Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu Campus. His research in creating a production model were halted by the US after Japan lost World War II. [14] Mechanical scanning systems, though obsolete for the more familiar television systems, nevertheless survive in long wave infra red cameras because there is no suitable all-electronic pickup device. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/History_of_television

Costa Rica Essays - Costa Rica, Republics, Economy Of Costa Rica

Costa Rica Essays - Costa Rica, Republics, Economy Of Costa Rica Costa Rica Costa Rica is officially known as the Republic of Costa Rica. It is 19,575 square miles in size and has a population of approximately 3,342,000 people. It is bordered by Panama and Nicaragua. The capital of Costa Rica is San Jose. Its coastal areas are hot and humid and heavily forested. It has a large chain of volcanoes rising over 12,000 feet. The official language of Costa Rica is Spanish. It is a democratic nation and has no military. Costa Rica has only 3 national newspapers. History Christopher Columbus discovered Costa Rica in 1502. In 1563 Spain began its conquest of the Costa Rican area. In 1821 Costa Rica gained independence and was successfully part of the Mexican empire. Coffee growing started in the early 1800's and banana cultivation began in 1874. Costa Rica's democratic government began in 1889. Its president from 1986 to 1990 worked for peace in Central America. Economically, Costa Rica has a history of payment problems. Government Costa Rica has a democratic government. Its current constitution was adopted in 1949. In Costa Rica, the president serves as the chief executive and head of state. The president is elected to a four year term. The legislative assembly has fifty-seven deputies that are elected for a four year term. The supreme court has seventeen justices appointed by the legislature. Costa Rica's army was abolished in 1948. However, they do have a national guard that can fight in a time of war. Costa Rica's seven provinces each have a governer appointed by the president. All citizens 18 years of age or older are required to vote in the national election. The country's two main political parties are the National Liberation Party and the Social Christian Unity Party. Population and Ancestry In 1994, Costa Rica's population was about three and one quarter of a millon people. It is estimated to be growing at a rate of about two and one quarter percent. At this rate, Costa Rica's population will double in 30 years. Costa Ricans take great pride in their country's heritage of government and social equality. They do not take for granted their personal dignity and strong family ties. Almost all of Costa Ricans speak Spanish but some blacks speak with a Jamaican dialect. About 90% of the people belong to the Roman Catholic Church. Housing About 50% of the Costa Ricans live on farms or in rural towns. A lot of farmers live in Adobe cottages with thick, white stucco walls and red or pink-tiled roofs. Most of Costa Rica's city people live in row houses. Many Costa Ricans like to decorate their homes with plants and flowers. Wealthy familys live in large ranch-style homes surrounded by huge gardens. Food Parts of the diet of many Costa Ricans can include beans, coffee, corn, eggs, rice, and tropical fruits like bananas, guaves, mangoes, oranges, and pineapples. Many Costa Rican families also serve beef, fish, poultry, and many kinds of soups. Tamales and tortillas are also foods that are often prepared. Education About 90 to 93% of Costa Rica's people can read or write. This is a higher percentage than any other country in Central America. Law requires all children to complete elementary school and then they may choose whether or not to continue on with their education. Costa Rica has several universities which include the National University in Heredia and the University of Costa Rica by San Jose. Sports and Recreation Most Costa Ricans enjoy spending their leisure time outdoors. Soccer is the national sport and playing fields can be found everywhere. Basketball, tennis, and swimming are also popular. On some religious holidays, bullfights, fireworks, and masked parades can attract thousands of Costa Ricans and foreign tourists. The only 18-hole golf course in Costa Rica is at the Cariari Country Club, just west of San Jose. However, there are many 9-hole courses. The country's national gymnasium is in Sabana Park. Many tennis courts are also in Sabana Park. Rodeos and bullfights are held at Santa Cruz. In a bullfight, the bull chases men around. During Christmas festivities, there are also Mexican style bullfights in which the person tries to kill the bull. Economy The most valuable natural resource in Costa Rica is the fertile volcanic soil. Trees such as oaks, pines, and tropical hardwood cover about 1/3 of the land. About 1/4 of Costa Rica's workers are in farming or ranching. Bananas, beef cattle, coffee, corn, rice, and sugar cane are the country's leading agricultural products. Some farmers also grow oranges, beans, potatoes, and other fruits and vegetables. Costa Rica's leading manufactured products include cement, clothing, cosmetics, furniture,

Identifying the academic and Behavioural Support Needs of Teachers Dissertation

Identifying the academic and Behavioural Support Needs of Teachers Teaching in LINUS classrooms in Malaysia - Dissertation Example Presently, there are about eight local based universities and the Intercontinental Islamic University which are engaged in the original training of Malaysian teachers in secondary schools. Moreover, the universities and other 28 colleges for teachers carry out the majority of Malaysian teacher education (SEAMEO Innotech, 2008). National Philosophy of Education (NPE) The National Philosophy of Education was officially put on record in 1988. The philosophy makes the use of the word ‘God’ in a basic manner to incorporate all beliefs. It is expected that having faith in God will foster positive principles that will facilitate the mitigation of social vices. The Malaysian National Philosophy of Education lays emphasis on the integration and balancing of the growth of sacred, academic, expressive and substantial realms. The education system is structured to attain this philosophy through three curricular tactics: thinking across the curriculum, values across the curriculum and language across the curriculum (Mock & Kauffman, 2002; p.211). Literacy and numeracy has placed the basis for teaching in primary education and beyond. Arithmetic, reading and writing are inherent in the fundamental rights to education. Lack of these potentials makes it unbearable for students to achieve higher efficacy in education and professional engagements in the contemporary society. Studies reveal that a section of Malaysian student populations are not well endowed with fundamental numeracy and literacy potential. For instance, in the year 2008, about 54,000 pupils in year one were selected with a low level of literacy expertise and admitted in the Initial class of Intervention Reading and writing while 117,000 year four pupils were admitted with no fundamental expertise in numeracy into a 3R remedial programme (Priestley & Rabiee, 2002; p. 371). Academic Support Needs of Teachers Teaching in LINUS classrooms in Malaysia The Malaysian government has a transformational progra m under the education National Key Results Area (NKRA) which targets to do away with the high rates of drop-outs caused by the inability of the students to deal with the demanding curriculum. There were about 31,939 dropouts from school in 2008 alone from both secondary and primary levels (Zalizan, 2000; p. 187). The main purpose of the Literacy and numeracy screening policy is to ensure that most Malaysian children get the fundamental skills in numeracy and literacy in the three years of mainstream primary education. NKRA education in Malaysia has established a target of 100% numeracy and literacy for all pupils in the entire three years. Using the fundamental literacy skills, the pupils are required to posses the capability to write, read and comprehend the phrases, plain and complicated sentences and make use of the information acquired in routine communication and learning (Malaysia, 2006). To attain the fundamental numeracy, pupils have the obligation to write, read and make co unts of whole numbers from 1 to 1000 by the time they reach year three. They are also required to show the potential to get solutions to fundamental arithmetic skills and facts in the routine function, which involves time, measurements and currencies. As opposed to the earlier attempts in addressing the problems regarding numeracy and literacy, LINUS concentrates on the initial interventions during the initial primary years prior to the pupils’

The Securities and Exchange Commission Assignment

The Securities and Exchange Commission - Assignment Example The role of the division of investment management is to regulate investment companies. The SEC protects investors by providing a regulatory framework that oversees the activity of public corporations. The SEC creates laws that are geared towards ensuring public corporations report accurate information in a timely manner. An example of a law enforced by the SEC that raised investor confidence in 21st century after a series of corporate scandals is the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The work performed by the SEC enforcement division ensures corrupt companies face penalties for their actions. A fair, orderly, and efficient market means that investors have access to a reliable marketplace that is able to handle all the consumer orders during trading hours. The trading and markets division accomplishes this task by regulating the major securities market participants which includes the brokers, dealers, transfer agents, and self-regulatory organizations. The superb electronic information system of the SEC is essential to run the market in a fair, orderly, and efficient manner. Capital formation occurs when the money saved by the government and the individuals of a society is transferred to the business sector. The SEC is an institution whose objective and mission is to promote capital formation. The SEC promotes capital formation by ensuring corporation disclose all financial information through mechanisms such as the Annual Report. The investigations performed by the SEC help stop illegal activities such as insider trading that are detrimental to

The Effects of British Colonisation on Indigenous Australians Essay Example for Free

The Effects of British Colonisation on Indigenous Australians Essay The Effects of British Colonisation on Indigenous Australians There are many effects of British colonisation on Indigenous Australians. One of the worst impacts was the loss of land. The land is the sole provider of food, medicine and other basic needs to Indigenous Australians. It is also the main part of their spiritual and cultural beliefs. The Indigenous Australians lived ‘nomadic’ lifestyles. They lived in tribes that moved around, using only what they needed, recycling what they could, and moved on when they felt that the resources at the site had been exhausted. This gave the site time to recover and recuperate, and so, their resources never ran out. To the Europeans, land stated how wealthy the owner was, and they linked land ownership with power. The more fertile land you owned, the wealthier and more powerful you were considered to be. This, of course, did not apply to all Europeans who came to Australia, as most were convicts who were given land to farm and provide food for their community. When the Europeans came to Australia, their main aim was to build another colony, as well as find another place to situate their convicts. There were many reasons for the British to build extra colonies. These reasons include politics, religion and economics. Politics plays a very important part in colonialism. Extra colonies provided status, power and influence over the settlers, for the colonizer. This power enabled other effects of colonisation to take place, e. g. the spreading of religion Religion was a vital part of everyday life for the British. They felt that they had been ‘burdened’ with the task of having to spread their faith – Christianity. When the British had come into contact with the Aboriginals, they tried to ‘save’ them by introducing them to their religion, however, the Aboriginals had their own religion – the dreamtime. Building extra colonies also provided access to more natural resources, goods for trade and opened new markets for trading around the world. This provided even more wealth, and increased the economic status of many countries. When the British had ‘invaded’, many indigenous communities were forced off their land, which they considered sacred. In the early 19th century, many settlers took vital parts of the Aboriginal land, such as waterholes and soaks. By the 1870’s, all fertile land had been distributed. Many communities were reduced to living on the borders of British owned land, or on lands that were infertile, and considered unsuitable for settlement. As a result of the loss of land, the number of Aboriginal communities and the number of Aboriginals were greatly reduced. Consequently, they lost essential resources such as food and water, as there was less land to move around in, and less time for the land to recuperate. There are many effects of British colonisation on Indigenous Australians. Some of these were good, some others were bad, but the loss of land was one of the worst. Bibliography: Retroactive 1 – stage 4, world history. First published 1999 by John Wiley and sons Australia, Ltd. Lisa-Marie Long’s excursion booklet http://www. aboriginalart. com/aboriginal_australia. html visited on the 24/11/08 http://www. skwirk. com. au/p-c_s-17_u-504_t-1361_c-5239/QLD/5/Consequences-of-British-colonisation-for-Aboriginal-People/British-colonisation-of-Australia/Colonisation-resources/power-and-exploration/SOSE/ visited on the 24/11/08.

Essay --

You do know that milk comes from cows, goats, and other mammals. Though do you ever wonder what it goes through, before you buy it at a supermarket. Milk is used in so many ways. What it contains will amaze you. People have figured out how to contain it so it last much longer. The real amazing thing about any word you say like milk people think they know everything about it there is to know, but they have no clue. There is a history behind every word we use today, people don't look close enough. Since the 1800’s milk has been redefined. During the 1800’s people went on with their daily lives drinking milk believing they knew where it came from. Farmers believed that if you named your cows instead of giving them numbers they would produce much better. People got their milk from a farmer that owned cows. They would bring the cow door to door asking the customer if they wanted to buy it. If these people wanted milk they would come outside with a bucket or bottle to fill it up. Since the farmer had to milk from the side , cause they thought it was safer. They kept the cow clean and well taken care of , the people watched the farmer milk it. The farmers thought if the customers saw a ugly, dragging looking cow they would not buy the milk, cause the customer thought the milk would taste bad. Though in the city this was mostly impossible for the farmer. There was a middle man who would go around the city with a cart to sell milk to people. what the farmer and the customer did not know is that these peopl e were greedy. They sold the milk to the customer for a higher price for a profit. Middle men would also put half of the milk with half water. Though people actually knew where they got their milk from, th... ...teurizing milk, people invent a box. That would allow you to keep it out in the opening and you did not have to be refrigerated. Up until the world war 2 milk was pasteurized, and it was good milk people loved and enjoyed. All lot of farmers believed that this wasn't right to do and it was unfair. So like some farmers kenneth Peak of Claracok Dairy in California would refuse to have their milk pasteurized. Though others new that if they didn't put a stop to raw milk it would harm people and their kids. Straus decided since some people could not afford pasteurized milk he would set up stations. The end of the century came pretty quick and by then he had 12 stations set up N.Y. to pasteurize milk. At the time people used to let water flow by tanks of milk just to keep it cold. Around 1985 people tested pasteurizing but it failed and 5,770 people paid for it.

Oryx and Crake Summary

In Orgy and Crake Margaret Atwood highlights this ethical issue through the lives of characters directly involved in this business to show that impasses both in the novel and in today's society use poor and desperate people to further their businesses and turn a profit. Tattoo's novel focuses on a community dominated by bio engineering and genetic sciences in a time where restrictions on what companies could do with technology are limited.The main character Jimmy and the important figures in his life (his parents, Crake, Orgy, etc) live in a society where their comfortable lifestyles are only possible through the revenue they make off of the biomedicine developments they make. Atwood uses the desires of people like Jimmy who live in the engineering compounds, and the desperate conditions of the poor inhabitants in the slums, known as the planeloads. At the end of the novel, Atwood creates a catastrophic apocalypse stemming directly from a disease created by a company distributed to t he plebes, who were eager to receive what they thought was a life changing medicine.Atwood uses this to illustrate issues that are prevalent in modern society. In both modern times and in Tattoo's novel the upper-class takes advantage of the lower-class' desperation for a better lifestyle to make a profit and continue to live their ivies comfortably at the expense of others. Atwood uses the way companies in the novel manipulate and take advantage of the lower-class to draw a parallel to today's society. In the novel the first example shown of economic manipulation is through an argument Jimmy's parents have over the ethics of the recent breakthrough in drug advancements.In this excerpt, Jimmy's father comes home celebrating advancements in genetic engineering at his company, but his mother refuses to celebrate as she sees this as â€Å"yet another way to rip off a bunch of desperate people. â€Å"(Atwood 26) As the argument regresses Jimmy's father maintains the argument that the new technology being created gives people hope a. Jimmy's mother relays that it gives hope â€Å"At Nonskid' prices it is. You hype your wares and take all their money and then they run out of cash, and it's no more treatments for them. They can rot as far as you and your pals are concerned†¦ Make] life better for people -? not just people with money' (26). In this passage Atwood uses Jimmy's parents and the false hope companies' products like â€Å"Nonskid† give to represent companies and people, profit and generosity and the struggle between aging money and helping others. This reveals an issue that concerns not only the characters in the novel, but also people today. The way companies rip off â€Å"a bunch of desperate people† is seen today with businesses that take their drugs overseas to take advantage of desperate people in need of a miracle, and instead test their products on them for half the cost and little consequence.In an article called â€Å"Drug Te sting Goes Offshore† in Fortune Magazine, Abraham Illustrate states that â€Å"nearly 40% of all clinical trials are now conducted in poorer countries such as Russia and India, where costs are rower and patients more vulnerable. â€Å"(Fortune) This parallels the disparity shown in the novel where Jimmy's father and the company he works for uses the poorer people in the â€Å"planeloads† to test their products on to do the same principles of low cost and vulnerability.Additionally the article reveals that â€Å"The very business model that summons drug companies to those places also risks exploiting the vulnerability of foreign patients–they are eager to sign up because they lack a viable alternative and tend to have blind faith in medicine,† (Fortune) showing how truly desperate the patients are and easily impasses in both the novel and today's society are able to take advantage of that as a business opportunity rather than a chance to help others.The a rticle also shows how the companies make individual profit by explaining that â€Å"trials investigators in Russia can make ten times his salary by recruiting his patients into studies,† (Fortune) and also tells how â€Å"Patients in SST. Petersburg told stories about bribing doctors, passing on a few dollars to ensure they would get a repeat visit or admission to a clinic† (Fortune). Atwood uses products like â€Å"Nonskid† and the arguments Jimmy's parents make to present the same involvement companies in modern society use the same form of manipulation to make money instead of helping the people they deceive to grow financially.Atwood also shows another side to the company's forms of manipulation through a controversial statement Jimmy's friend Crake makes about how companies are always able to create new drugs for a seemingly increasing amount of new diseases. In this passages Jimmy asks â€Å"But don't they keep discovering new diseases? â€Å"(Atwood 1 2 6) In which Crake replies â€Å"Not discovering, they're creating them†¦ [they insert] a hostile oviform started in he plebe population†¦ [and] it more or less runs itself.Naturally they develop the antidotes at the same time as they're customizing the bugs, but they hold those in reserve, they practice the economics of scarcity, so they're guaranteed high profits† (Atwood 126). This radical business concept mirrors the same tactics of manipulation seen previously with deception of the â€Å"plebes† and the immediate advantage taken in finding a way to make money off of them. But even in the novel this concept seems to manipulative and far- fetched to be believable, or relatable to modern society.However the concept of â€Å"disease mongering' or the creation of diseases to convince people to buy products to cure them is more prevalent in society than expected. In the British Journal of Nursing and article called â€Å"Marketing disease: is osteoporosis an example of ‘disease mongering? ‘ this concept is explored in a disease that is more or less excepted as an accurate condition that people need drugs for. In the article it explains that: â€Å"Osteoporosis is often described as a disease, yet the symptoms are imperceptible and reliable diagnostic criteria have not been formulated†¦ E manufacture of ‘lifestyle' drugs has been costly without significant improvement in mortality or morbidity. The influence of the medical profession and large drug manufacturers is [and] the manufacture of illness is [shows] there may be significant risks attached to treating non-existent diseases† (BBC). This shows that not are there diseases that are believed to be problematic and prevalent, but that companies are in fact making them up and furthermore using them to make money by selling treatments that could even be harmful to the consumer.This was shown as he case with â€Å"hormone replacement therapy, which resulted i n the unnecessary deaths of thousands of women,† (BBC) revealing that as long as there are people desperate enough to seek relief to their ailments, companies will take advantage of that for personal gain whether it leads to hurting people and in this previous case, even death. Here Atwood shows that the evil and deceitful actions taken by the fictional characters in the novel share a striking parallel with the companies in today's drug market.Although it is easy to take away from these examples that there are manipulative people in today's society as well as in Tattoo's novel, Atwood encourages that a further step is taken with this. These examples of disparity in the ethics of drug companies not only reflects the looming threat of big scary companies always out to get people, but reflects how as a population, people are ready to throw themselves at whatever drug comes their way as their miracle.Atwood pushes the realization that people aren't safe just because they're not im poverished or seeking free medical care, but that even the wealthy and the everyday individual in modern society are vulnerable to this manipulation. It is unfortunate that today the dream of living a life with good health and medical protection for families is used to support an already wealthy society that continues to flourish while the poor are left to depravity. Although companies use the lure of low prices and free trials to continue their lives of leisure, the victims pay an even larger price than anticipated.A shown in the novel and the articles, many pay with being worse off than before and even death. The price people pay for these â€Å"miracle pills† and a chance to enjoy a better way of life can't be valued, however companies still make a refit off of the hardships of the destitute and despairing. This lack of empathy and simple decency is the foundation that breeds the inhumane suffering of others and, as Atwood illustrates, can lead to the same catastrophic dow nfall constructed in her novel.

Discrimination of African Americans in Michelle Alexander’s The New Jim Crow

The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, by Michelle Alexander, is a book about the discrimination of African Americans in today's society. One of Alexander's main points is the War on Drugs and how young African American males are targeted and arrested due to racial profiling. Racial profiling, discrimination, and segregation is not as popular as it used to be during the Civil War, however, Michelle Alexander digs deeper, revealing the truth about our government and the racial scandal in the prison systems.She writes, â€Å"†¦ in major cities wracked by the drug war, as many as 80 percent of young African American men now have criminal records and are thus subject to legalized discrimination for the rest of their lives. These young men are part of a growing undercaste, permanently locked up and locked out of mainstream society. (Alexander pg. 7)† In our nation today, we hardly think of discrimination as being a big issue, but Alexander shows tha t our prison systems are proof of discrimination.Other studies help support this by saying that, â€Å"African Americans make up 57 percent of the people in state prisons for drug offenses. † This colorblindness has become a part of our daily lives. We can not see how much our nation is affected by racism until we stop and actually listen to those who have fallen victim of being placed in prison due to their skin color. Not only are African Americans racially profiled, they are also punished much worse than Caucasians by being sentenced longer in prisons and losing all of their rights once they are released back into society.As if it is not bad enough, being in prison for many years and having a felon label tattooed on their foreheads, colored people are exiled from everyday life. They can not vote, they can not buy a house, they can not work in many places, they can not have a normal life. They are looked at differently by society in turn putting them in a racial caste syste m, while we go about our lives over looking this mass incarceration. If I were to ask, â€Å"Is racism current in the world today?‘ Many Caucasians would say no, while African Americans would say yes. This is due to the fact that we are all colorblind. The worst part of this mass incarceration is that African Americans who have been placed in prison and are now free have no voice. They are unable to protest against this terrible system because they have no rights. Thus making them go back to their old ways, because it is what they know, therefore creating a cycle of mass incarceration. So how do we as a nation stop this disgusting system?Noel Sheppard, the Associate Editor of NewsBusters, wrote an article on Oprah Winfrey's interview with Will Gompertz from BBC on racism. Sheppard wrote that Oprah's view is that, â€Å"†¦it's older white people that are the problem, and once they die, racism end. † The problem with this is that families keep traditions, and they a re loyal to each other, so if the grandfather is racist then his children are most likely going to be racist, so on and so forth. This is not true for all families, however it is for most.Let us just say those points of view are a generational curse that should be stopped, but that is not the solution to stop the war on drugs and the racism that tags along. Neill Franklin, a Baltimore ex-police officer who is Executive Director of Law Enforcement against Prohibition, asked a question as he was being interviewed with Judith Brown Dianas, Co-Director of the Advancement Project by Roland Martin, â€Å"What part of our current policies of drug prohibition are working? Do we have less crime, less addiction rates, less disease, less overdose rates?†He goes on to say, â€Å"No, none of it is working and the only solution to ending the drug war is to end the prohibition of drugs, that means legalization. † This is a good point, however, then it would be a tax issue on the drug s, and there would be more problems making bills to allow people of a certain age to use them, how much you can and can not have at one time, etc.. and then the whole racism problem would not be stopped, yet again because people are still going to abuse those privileges and African Americans will still be the primary target.The only way to end this issue is step by step. In Michelle Alexander's conclusion, she goes on to say that, â€Å"What we need is an Underground Railroad for people coming out of our prisons to bring them back into society, instead of permanently stigmatizing and marginalizing a whole underclass numbering the millions. † I agree with her. We need to help those who are out of prison due to being victim of mass incarceration become normal, active citizens of the United states. Discrimination of African Americans in Michelle Alexander’s The New Jim Crow The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, by Michelle Alexander, is a book about the discrimination of African Americans in today's society. One of Alexander's main points is the War on Drugs and how young African American males are targeted and arrested due to racial profiling. Racial profiling, discrimination, and segregation is not as popular as it used to be during the Civil War, however, Michelle Alexander digs deeper, revealing the truth about our government and the racial scandal in the prison systems.She writes, â€Å"†¦ in major cities wracked by the drug war, as many as 80 percent of young African American men now have criminal records and are thus subject to legalized discrimination for the rest of their lives. These young men are part of a growing undercaste, permanently locked up and locked out of mainstream society. (Alexander pg. 7)† In our nation today, we hardly think of discrimination as being a big issue, but Alexander shows tha t our prison systems are proof of discrimination.Other studies help support this by saying that, â€Å"African Americans make up 57 percent of the people in state prisons for drug offenses. † This colorblindness has become a part of our daily lives. We can not see how much our nation is affected by racism until we stop and actually listen to those who have fallen victim of being placed in prison due to their skin color. Not only are African Americans racially profiled, they are also punished much worse than Caucasians by being sentenced longer in prisons and losing all of their rights once they are released back into society.As if it is not bad enough, being in prison for many years and having a felon label tattooed on their foreheads, colored people are exiled from everyday life. They can not vote, they can not buy a house, they can not work in many places, they can not have a normal life. They are looked at differently by society in turn putting them in a racial caste syste m, while we go about our lives over looking this mass incarceration. If I were to ask, â€Å"Is racism current in the world today?'Many Caucasians would say no, while African Americans would say yes. This is due to the fact that we are all colorblind. The worst part of this mass incarceration is that African Americans who have been placed in prison and are now free have no voice. They are unable to protest against this terrible system because they have no rights. Thus making them go back to their old ways, because it is what they know, therefore creating a cycle of mass incarceration. So how do we as a nation stop this disgusting system?Noel Sheppard, the Associate Editor of NewsBusters, wrote an article on Oprah Winfrey's interview with Will Gompertz from BBC on racism. Sheppard wrote that Oprah's view is that, â€Å"†¦it's older white people that are the problem, and once they die, racism end. † The problem with this is that families keep traditions, and they are loya l to each other, so if the grandfather is racist then his children are most likely going to be racist, so on and so forth. This is not true for all families, however it is for most.Let us just say those points of view are a generational curse that should be stopped, but that is not the solution to stop the war on drugs and the racism that tags along. Neill Franklin, a Baltimore ex-police officer who is Executive Director of Law Enforcement against Prohibition, asked a question as he was being interviewed with Judith Brown Dianas, Co-Director of the Advancement Project by Roland Martin, â€Å"What part of our current policies of drug prohibition are working? Do we have less crime, less addiction rates, less disease, less overdose rates?†He goes on to say, â€Å"No, none of it is working and the only solution to ending the drug war is to end the prohibition of drugs, that means legalization. † This is a good point, however, then it would be a tax issue on the drugs, and there would be more problems making bills to allow people of a certain age to use them, how much you can and can not have at one time, etc.. and then the whole racism problem would not be stopped, yet again because people are still going to abuse those privileges and African Americans will still be the primary target.The only way to end this issue is step by step. In Michelle Alexander's conclusion, she goes on to say that, â€Å"What we need is an Underground Railroad for people coming out of our prisons to bring them back into society, instead of permanently stigmatizing and marginalizing a whole underclass numbering the millions. † I agree with her. We need to help those who are out of prison due to being victim of mass incarceration become normal, active citizens of the United states.

How to get a job in medical billing

How to get a job in medical billing You’ve probably heard about how the healthcare job scene is growing by insane amount over the next 10 years. But if you’re not necessarily interested in the medical side of being an allied health professional, where does that leave you? The good news is that there are lots of administrative roles that are growing and opening right alongside the rest of the healthcare field. One such job is medical billing, because a fact of healthcare is that services need to be tracked and paid for accordingly. What does a medical biller do?Medical billers work behind the scenes in a medical office, hospital, or other healthcare facility. This is an administrative role, ensuring that patients (or their insurance companies) are accurately billed for the medical care they receive. Medical billing responsibilities may include:Tracking payment informationAssigning billing codes to a patient’s tests, procedures, and other healthcare servicesSubmitting and following up on invoices to patients and insurance companiesWorking with medical staff (like physicians and nurses) to ensure billing accuracyWorking with patients to set up payment plansMonitoring payment status and collectionsManaging patient records securely and accuratelyThis is typically a 9-to-5 kind of job, with a stable work week, since billers work primarily with data and patient information rather than in direct patient care.What skills do medical billers have?This is an entirely administrative role, so your skill set should be heavy on organization, attention to detail, and financial math.Organizational Skills:Â  Medical billers are responsible for ensuring that all medical procedures are billed accurately, whether to the patient or to the insurance company, so it’s important to have the ability to keep things moving cleanly and efficiently.Attention to Detail:Â  Errors in billing can lead to legal or financial problems, so it’s essential to be able to notice errors and confirm the a ccuracy of data before it goes out.Finance:Â  While this job typically doesn’t require advanced accounting, medical billers should have strong math skills and the ability to analyze billing and financial data.Discretion:Â  Healthcare information is usually highly confidential (and legally so), so medical billers need to be able to maintain that patient confidentiality at all times.What’s required to work in medical billing?Medical billing is a field you can enter without a college degree, though an associate’s degree in medical coding or health information technology can be an asset. Certification is not usually a requirement for medical billing clerks, but if you want to enhance your resume there is an optional certification by the AAPC (formerly known as the American Academy of Professional Coders).How much money do medical billers make?According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, medical billing professionals make a median annual salary of $38,040 (or $18.29 per hour).What’s the outlook for medical billers?Per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the demand for medical records and health information technicians (including billing professionals) will grow by 13% by 2024- faster than average for all jobs.If you want to work in the growing healthcare world, but find yourself drawn to the more administrative end of things, medical billing and coding can be a solid long-term choice for your health-related career path.

The Safest Type of Water Bottle to Drink From

The Safest Type of Water Bottle to Drink From Many people refill single-use plastic bottles (Plastic #1, PET) as a cheap way to carry water. That bottle was bought with water in it in the first place – what can go wrong? While a single refill in a freshly drained bottle probably will not cause any problem, there can be some issues when it is done repeatedly. First, these bottles are difficult to wash and are thus likely to carry the bacteria that have started colonizing it the minute you first unsealed it. In addition, the plastic used in the manufacturing of these bottles is not made for long term use. To make the plastic flexible, phthalates might be used in the manufacturing of the bottle. Phthalates are endocrine disruptors, a major environmental concern, and which can mimic the actions of hormones in our body. Those chemicals are relatively stable at room temperature (as well as when the plastic bottle is frozen), but they can be released into the bottle when the plastic is warmed. The Federal Drug Administration (FDA) states that any chemical released from the bottle has been measured at a concentration below any established risk threshold. Until we know more, it’s probably best to limit our use of single-use plastic bottles and to avoid using them after they have been microwaved or washed at high temperatures.   Plastic (#7, polycarbonate) The rigid, reusable plastic bottles often seen clipped to a backpack are labeled as plastic #7, which usually means there are made of polycarbonate. However, other plastics can get that recycling number designation. Polycarbonates have been under scrutiny lately because of the presence of bisphenol-A (BPA) that can leach into the bottle’s content. Numerous studies have linked BPA with reproductive health problems in test animals, and in humans too. The FDA states that so far they have found the levels of BPA leached from polycarbonate bottles to be too low to be a concern, but they do recommend limiting children’s exposure to BPA by not heating up polycarbonate bottles, or by selecting alternate bottle options. Plastics containing BPA are no longer used in the United States for the manufacturing of children’s sippy cups, baby bottles, and baby formula packaging. BPA-free polycarbonate bottles were advertised to capitalize on the public fears of BPA and fill the resulting market gap. A common replacement, bisphenol-S (BPS), was thought to be much less likely to leach out of the plastics, yet it can be found in the urine of most Americans tested for it. Even at very low doses, it has been found to disrupt hormone, neurological, and heart function in test animals. BPA-free does not necessarily mean safe. Stainless Steel Food grade stainless steel is a material that can safely be in contact with drinking water. Steel bottles also have the advantages of being shatter resistant, long-lived, and tolerant of high temperatures. When choosing a steel water bottle, make sure the steel is not found solely on the outside of the bottle, with a plastic liner inside. These cheaper bottles present similar health uncertainties as polycarbonate bottles.   Aluminum Aluminum water bottles are resistant and lighter than steel bottles. Because aluminum can leach into liquids, a liner has to be applied inside the bottle. In some cases that liner can be a resin that has been shown to contain BPA. SIGG, the dominant aluminum water bottle manufacturer, now uses BPA-free and phthalate free resins to line its bottles, but it declines to reveal the composition of those resins. As with steel, aluminum can be recycled but is energetically very costly to produce. Glass Glass bottles are easy to find cheaply: a simple store-bought juice or tea bottle can be washed and repurposed for water-carrying duty. Canning jars are just as easy to find. Glass is stable at a wide range of temperatures, and will not leak chemicals into your water. Glass is easily recyclable. The main drawback of glass is, of course, that it can shatter when dropped. For that reason, glass is not allowed at many beaches, public pools, parks, and campgrounds. However, some manufacturers produce glass bottles wrapped in a shatter-resistant coating. If the glass inside breaks, the shards remain inside the coating. An additional drawback of glass is its weight – gram-conscious backpackers will prefer lighter options. Conclusion At this moment, food-grade stainless steel and glass water bottles are associated with fewer uncertainties. Personally, I find the simplicity and lower economic and environmental costs of glass appealing. Most of the time, however, I find drinking tap water from an old ceramic mug perfectly satisfying. Sources Cooper et al. 2011. Assessment of Bisphenol A Released from Reusable Plastic, Aluminium and Stainless Steel Water Bottles. Chemosphere, vol. 85. Natural Resources Defense Council. Plastic Water Bottles. Scientific American.  BPA-Free Plastic Containers May Be Just as Hazardous.

Cause of Stress among College Students Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Cause of Stress among College Students - Essay Example Stating precisely, stress is a physical response that develops the feeling of being upset and imbalances among people and in the modern scenario of the learning, when students at times get frustrated with the demanding situations. Additionally, the students’ life is today considered as highly exposed to the issues of stress to make them prepare for the future uncertainties. However, the students who were already having other health complications such as depression or are rather venerable to it, extreme level of stress can significantly trigger to develop other complications. Besides, the perception of the students over the demand of the situation plays a decisive role   in the having a positive or a negative influence, depending on the fact students perceive to have positive approach towards the demanding situations. Relatively, different factors and scenarios can cause stress among students, wherein the most commonly cited causes of stress include examination pressure, dead line pressure, difficulty in organising the personal and working life, noise, improper environment, difficulty in adjusting the life among the other factors. Relatively, in various instances, the causes of stress gradually accumulated without the other notice and leads to severe threats in the students’ life. Gradually, the unnoticed response and measure to remove the causes of stress will have significant impacts - physical, emotionally and mentally (Olpin & Hesson, 2015). Kai-Wen (2010) investigated different reasons of stress among the Taiwanese students.

Developmental Biology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Developmental Biology - Research Paper Example Epigenetic factors refer to changes other than the changes at the level of DNA that lead to changes in heredity. These include DNA methylation which is present in all known vertebrates. This paper aims to study recent literature and studies that have been produced in order to find out the factors that affect aging. For this purpose, literature dated after 2006 has been used in order to ensure that the information is as recent as possible. This study will be useful in developing a better understanding of a vital part of developmental biology that is aging. INTRODUCTION Human race has always been fascinated by the idea of eternal youthfulness and functionality. The physiological and psychological changes that occur with age have always haunted humans and as a result, a lot of time, money and effort have gone into discovering the reasons behind aging in order to avoid the effects of growing age. With the advent of newer technologies, scientists have come to see aging as a process that o ccurs at the molecular level that eventually shows its effect at the level of the organ and later the whole organism. Some of the physiological changes that occur with age include decreased activity of neurotransmitters, a fall in sensory acuity and perception and a reduction in circulatory capacity. These changes lead to the loss of functionality that is associated with aging at the level of an organism. At the level of the organ, these changes occur due to the inability of the existing cells to replace the dying or damaged cells in order to maintain function. Thus, we see several diseases that pertain to specific organs and are closely related to increasing age. The inability to replace the older cells with new ones is a loss of functionality at the cellular level. The biochemical machinery within a cell enables the cell to replicate adequately so that the number of functional cells is always enough to maintain the health of an organ. However, with age, changes within this machine ry shift the balance such that the process slows down gradually affecting the organ hence the organism (Morimoto and Cuervo). Therefore, the real key to unlocking the secret behind aging lies in the factors that affect the cellular machinery. Whether it is the change in DNA, a change in gene expression or a change in the environment of the organism which eventually penetrates his system that regulates aging and to what extent is a question that has been investigated extensively in recent past. This research paper takes a detailed look at such investigations in an attempt to understand how aging is affected by genetic, epigenetic or environmental factors. Aging: effect of genes, epigenetics and environment Genes and aging The field of biological aging has been exploring the effect of genes on aging with a view of not only attaining the capability to slow or stop the process of aging but also to stop the development of several disease that have very strong links with increasing age. H owever, most of these investigations have been carried out on worms, rodents and drosophila on the basis that not only are they easily accessible but also because certain studies suggest that worms, yeast and people have common genes for aging (Callaway). In 2008, scientists from Eovtos Lorand University, Hungary, conducted a research on nematodes, Caenorhabditis elegans, that were deficient

The Architecture of the Lincoln Memorial Research Paper - 1

The Architecture of the Lincoln Memorial - Research Paper Example In the United States, the Lincoln Memorial stands as just such a monument, speaking eloquently not only about the man to whom it is dedicated but also to the ideas he espoused during his years as President of a war-torn and very briefly as a reunited country. The architecture of the structure itself is sufficient to convey the sense of strength and stability that Lincoln represented a country attempting to fly apart at the seams. Designed by architect Henry Bacon, the building is constructed primarily of marble blocks with limestone columns in the style of an ancient Greek temple. The Doric columns, 44 feet tall and nearly 7.5 feet in diameter at their base, convey supreme strength of purpose and steadying support [do you have a source for this opinion/statement?]. The building commemorates Lincoln’s efforts to maintain the Union primarily through these columns. There are 36 columns supporting the ceiling of the memorial, each one of which stands for one of the 36 states that comprised the re-united nation at the time of Lincoln’s death, complete with the name of the state to which the column is dedicated engraved into it (â€Å"Lincoln Memorial†, 2007). However, the monument wasn’t completed until 1922, by whi ch time the union was comprised of 48 states. Rather than excluding these, the names of the states that joined the union after Lincoln’s death, but before the monument’s completion, are carved into the walls on the outside of the memorial. Finally, the last two states to have joined the United States, Alaska and Hawaii, are commemorated in a plaque located within the approach plaza (â€Å"Lincoln Memorial†, 2007).

Sites of Ron Jon Surf Shop Essay Example for Free

Sites of Ron Jon Surf Shop Essay 1)Access the web sites of Ron Jon Surf Shop (http://www.ronjonsurfshop.com/) and Hilo Hattie (http://www.hilohattie.com/aloha/). Explain how the two companies are similar and how they are different. Can you find elements of organizational planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and control in their web content? Provide specific examples. Respond substantively to two other learners. Ron Jon’s and Hilo Hattie’s are similar in quite a few ways. They both started as retail stores selling products to consumers. They both have adapted to the changing of the times. They both now offer other services. For example, Hattie’s now offers coffee and food in one of their locations. Ron Jon’s offers a variety of services to include a resort and surf school. The companies are different in many ways as well. Hattie’s has a total of seven stores while Ron Jon’s has 12 different establishments. I found an example of leading in Ron Jon’s web site. In the careers section I found an employee philosophy that I thought was motivational. It states â€Å"Our employee philosophy has always been to have a strong balance of promoting from within as well as searching outside the company to find the best and brightest talent available. The surf industry is an exciting atmosphere for individuals that are outgoing, driven and competitive† (Ron Jon Surf Shop, 2012). According to Reilly, M., Minnick, C., Baack, D. (2011) â€Å"Leading means motivating, coordinating, and energizing individuals and groups to work together to achieve organizational goals.† Hattie’s offers a group incentive program to other companies to generate business. They basically offer their products at lower cost to other companies who then give the products to their customers as gifts for selecting their services. I think this is a great example of the planning function that engages an opportunity to increase revenue and utilize Hilo Hattie’s strengths. Josh References Ron Jon Surf Shop (Careers). (2012). Retrieved from http://www.ronjonsurfshop.com/AboutUs/Careers.aspx Reilly, M., Minnick, C., Baack, D. (2011). The five functions of effective management. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/books/AUMGT330.11.1/sections/sec1.3

East Goes West :: essays research papers

One of the first works of fiction written by an Asian immigrant to the United States, Kang's novel describes his early adulthood with a poignant humor that touches not only on his most positive experiences in a new country--such as being befriended by other Korean Americans--but also on some of his worst: the time when college classmates convinced him to run a race in long underwear. Kang, however, never forces us to feel sorry for him; simply by relating his experiences to us in a uniquely crafted language that reflects both his extensive literary training and his own quirky sense of style, Kang manages to win our sympathy for an obviously gifted young man who faces discrimination and hardship during his first years away from home His struggle was long and hard, but he made the reader see the full picture. The joys, the downfalls, and even the times where he thought he could just give up. By making us relate to him, the reader could understand what they so previously where obliviou s to. I responded very favorably to his view of Korean culture but found his criticism of American culture distasteful.I did not fully receive the effect of Kang's humor until reaching the final sentence of the story. Before the final scene, Kang's wit serves the purpose of elevating the Asian Han in the eyes of his audience, but ultimately, it has a more serious, lingering effect. Ironically, it reveals the life of this character to be tragic, hopeless, and not at all amusing. The final line, delivered by Han's mistress, dismisses him from his post, for she requested "a house servant, not a comedian" (2001). Kang thus suggests here that regardless of the amount of effort Han puts into his work and no matter how honest his intentions, he will never be taken seriously nor given a chance to assimilate and improve upon his mistakes. Although he was expected "to work from morning to night" and "had never had to work so hard in his life with no time to himself," his intentions were never regarded as anything but lazy and laughter provoking. Upon learning that he is to be fired, he offers one final, wholehearted attempt to please an unsatisfiable woman: "But hoping still to make good, I dragged the vacuum cleaner in to do the living room, my usual morning task. The girl as usual giggled when she saw me. East Goes West :: essays research papers One of the first works of fiction written by an Asian immigrant to the United States, Kang's novel describes his early adulthood with a poignant humor that touches not only on his most positive experiences in a new country--such as being befriended by other Korean Americans--but also on some of his worst: the time when college classmates convinced him to run a race in long underwear. Kang, however, never forces us to feel sorry for him; simply by relating his experiences to us in a uniquely crafted language that reflects both his extensive literary training and his own quirky sense of style, Kang manages to win our sympathy for an obviously gifted young man who faces discrimination and hardship during his first years away from home His struggle was long and hard, but he made the reader see the full picture. The joys, the downfalls, and even the times where he thought he could just give up. By making us relate to him, the reader could understand what they so previously where obliviou s to. I responded very favorably to his view of Korean culture but found his criticism of American culture distasteful.I did not fully receive the effect of Kang's humor until reaching the final sentence of the story. Before the final scene, Kang's wit serves the purpose of elevating the Asian Han in the eyes of his audience, but ultimately, it has a more serious, lingering effect. Ironically, it reveals the life of this character to be tragic, hopeless, and not at all amusing. The final line, delivered by Han's mistress, dismisses him from his post, for she requested "a house servant, not a comedian" (2001). Kang thus suggests here that regardless of the amount of effort Han puts into his work and no matter how honest his intentions, he will never be taken seriously nor given a chance to assimilate and improve upon his mistakes. Although he was expected "to work from morning to night" and "had never had to work so hard in his life with no time to himself," his intentions were never regarded as anything but lazy and laughter provoking. Upon learning that he is to be fired, he offers one final, wholehearted attempt to please an unsatisfiable woman: "But hoping still to make good, I dragged the vacuum cleaner in to do the living room, my usual morning task. The girl as usual giggled when she saw me.

Importance of Playing Sports Essay

But I think as generation is passing by the importance of sports and games is diminishing.Todays youth is more interested in virtual games like playing Xbox ,PS,mobile games rather than real games which could be beneficial for them.Not only shifting of interest to virtual games,some have reasons of studies or work and they are not able to take out time for sports and games or they don’t give much importance to it.But here my motive is to make you aware of its benefits and what are the things you are loosing if you don’t have time or you don’t have any importance for it. Playing sports and games can give you a numerous benefits which can lead to overall improvement of your body both mentally and physically.Lets check out what are the benefits it can give you. I Assume that everybody knows how important it is for physical health.Not only it keeps you fit and healthy for a period of time in fact it helps you for life time. I have seen many people at mature age they find difficulties with physical fitness.A strong reasons for many can be at their young age they never gave importance for sports. Researches are found the evidence that at age of maturity or old age the person who were found with difficulties physical and health ,for many, reasons were the same. Playing sports can boast up your strength which leads to activeness.It keeps you active all the time whether at time of work or studies. As I mentioned above that sports and games can lead to a very fit and fine body.You don’t have to go gym for body fitness ,Sports is enough to keep your body fit. Builds up energy, stamina and strength. For health and mind both sports and games are very beneficial.It keeps you fit from inside,improves immune system which in turn gives a healthy and fit body. It helps in refreshing your mind.Working or studying all the time can make make your thinking, decision or learning power low.,makes your life more with stress ,tension and workload.So here taking out some time to play some sports or games can makes you distress. Research and study have reported that those who play sports and games at young age they have much growth of mind as compared to others.Games like chess, Sudoku ,Monopoly,Scrabble helps you in opening a mind and growth to think. I think that life is very similar to sports and games.So I believe that it can teach you a lot of things which can help in many ways in your normal life. Sports and games teaches a young mind a lot of things ,Decision making is one of them.You know when you play some sports or game you have to make some decisions these decisions train your mind how to make decisions in life. Playing games and sports give you a lot of motivation in life at the time of your difficult situations, hectic life etc.. When you play sports which need team members to play ,it teaches you how to work in a team,teaches you strength of unity,team bonding.This helps you at time when you are working at some place which requires team work. It teaches you how to make a discipline in personal and professional life. When you play sports or some game ,some time the situation get very crucial and that time you have to get down all your capabilities to focus.Same things happens in life when you struggling with crucial situations. Sports and games teaches you the art of patience at difficult times in life. As I mentioned above it keeps you fit mentally as well as physically all over your life time.Lower the chances of diseases and physical problems. Sports and games are nothing without challenges.You have to take challenges from your self as well as from opponent. This teaches you how to accept challenges in normal life. Likewise there are many things a person can learn from sports and games, not only for professional life but personal life too. When we talk about the sports and games, there are many which are beneficial for normal person but here I will tell you those sports and games for which you don’t need high skills and extra efforts to play.I have divided the list of sports and games according to physical and mental benefits. Physical Football Swimming Cycling Basket ball Rope skipping Running| Mental Chess Scrabble Sudoku Monopoly Snake and ladders(refreshment)| How to take out time for Sports and games? I know many have reasons that they don’t have much time other than their work or studies but it is not possible.Its all about managing the time,so for making out time for sports and games you need to mange your time that’s it. Half or an hour a day is enough to keep you healthy and fit with other benefits.Who all are working can make out their time after the work post probably the evening and those who are studying can make out time when taking breaks.